An Ontology for Commitments in Multiagent Systems: Toward a Uni cation of Normative Concepts

Social commitments have long been recognized as an important concept for multiagent systems. We propose a rich formulation of social commitments that motivates an architecture for multiagent systems, which we dub spheres of commitment. We identify the key operations on commitments and multiagent systems. We distinguish between explicit and implicit commitments. Multiagent systems, viewed as spheres of commitment (SoComs), provide the context for the diierent operations on commitments. Armed with the above ideas, we can capture normative concepts such as obligations, taboos, conventions, and pledges as diierent kinds of commitments. In this manner, we synthesize ideas from multiagent systems, particularly that of social context, with ideas from ethics and legal reasoning, speciically that of directed obligations in the Hohfeldian tradition.